Phenomenology is the study of "phenomena" - it is a s study of conscious experience of a specific phenomena or object. The focus of the study is the subjective observer and their individual conscious experience and the meaning of this experience.
Phenomenology is a branch of philosophy. Championed by philosophers such as Husserl, Heidegger, Merlau-Ponty and Satre in the 20th century these men believe phenomenology is the foundation of all philosophy (rather than just another branch of philosophy).
The other branches of philosophy are:
Epistemology (knowledge)
Ontology (being or what is)
Logic (reasoning)
Ethics (right and wrong)
Phenomenology allows us to appreciate first-hand experiences of students and recognise they are all different. Phenomenology is also important when considering the positionally of the researcher. Each researcher will have a different conscious experience of a given phenomena or object and therefore their phenomenological approach affects the research they undertake.
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